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Chad

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The boundaries and names shown on this map do not imply
official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations

 Location: Central Africa
Area: 1,284,000 sq. km
Population statistics (based on United Nations sources):
  • Total: 7,458,000 (1999)
  • Growth rate: 2.97
  • Ratio of males per 100 females: 97.4
  • Age structure (1995 figures)
    • Percentage aged 0-4 : 17.4
    • Percentage aged 5-14 : 26.2
    • Percentage aged 15-24 : 18.6
    • Percentage aged 25-60 : 28.4
    • Percentage aged 60-over : 9.4
  • Population density: 5 per sq. km

Literacy rate: 39.4% (1998)
GNP in US$ billions: 1.7 (1998)
GNP per capita in US$: 230 (1998)
Human Development Index value: 0.367 (1998)
Human Development Index rank: 167 of 174 countries
Gender-related Development Index value: 0.378 (1997)
Gender-related Development Index rank: 135 of 174 countries

 

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Chad is a landlocked country in Central Africa, and it is the fifth largest country in the continent. Southern Chad, drained by two large rivers, Chari and Logone, which flow into Lake Chad, is the only area where rainfall is adequate for crops and where half of the population lives in.  The rest of the country is sparsely populated. A former French colony, Chad gained its independence in 1960.

The mainstay of the economy is livestock herding and the cultivation and export of cotton produced in southern Chad. The discovery of oil in recent years may transform the economy, though the country suffers from its geographic remoteness, drought and lack of infrastructure. Chad endured decades of civil war among ethnic groups as well as invasions from Libya. December 1990 is the turning point in the Chadian conflict when former northern guerilla leader Idriss Déby took control of the government. Since then, political parties were legalised and a multiparty government was formed in 1993.

Chad's telecommunications network had a total of 9,700 connected lines in 1999, resulting in a telephone density of  0.13 per hundred people.

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