Subprogramme 5: PROMOTING REGIONAL COOPERATION AND INTEGRATION

Theme 5.3: Promoting Regional Cooperation in Mineral and Energy Resources Development

Programme Brief

1. Introduction

It is a well known fact that Africa is richly endowed with both mineral and energy resources. The continent possesses more than half of the world's resources for a number of minerals including manganese, chromium, platinum and phosphates. The region is also the repository of world class reserves in many other minerals such as bauxite, copper, and diamonds. In respect of energy resources, Africa accounts for 11.5% of the world's total hydro-electric energy potential, contains 6.5% of the world's oil resources, has more than a third of workable uranium reserves as well as huge coal reserves.

Despite this impressive resource endowment, the continent remains the poorest and least developed in the world. The majority of the population are still mired in poverty with unacceptably high infant mortality rates, low life expectancy, growing food insecurity and high unemployment rates, all of which contribute to undermining the true worth of African people.

The major reason for this situation is the underdevelopment of the African huge mineral and energy resources resulting from a number of intrinsic weaknesses which include: (a) inadequacies in the policy framework including the role of governments; (b) a weak technology base; (c) limitations in skills and competencies; (d) and absence of sound cooperation arrangements among African countries and weak partnership between them and the private sector investors.

To remedy this situation, the 1990s have brought about changes in the role of the State in minerals and energy resources development. Most African Governments now see their role as policy coordination, administration and supervision of mining activities and creating the right conditions for attracting private sector mining and energy companies in order to increase financial investment flows in the mineral and energy industries.

2. Sub-programme themes and objectives

To reinforce, indeed, the contribution of the mineral and energy sector to the socio-economic development of the continent in the context of globalisation and liberalisation, which have made regionalisation an imperative of today, the goals for African countries are to put in place sound development policies, increase institutional mechanisms and efficiencies of intergovernmental machinery and network existing knowledge generating centres and institutions. The global long term objective of the programme will be to assist African member States, NGOs and IGOs to achieve these goals. To this effect, the Secretariat will, as in 1997, continue to focus on the following three key themes and objectives:

i. Promoting cooperation, integration and public-private sector partnership: The major objective of this first theme will be to promote, enhance and strengthen inter-country collaboration and public-private sector partnership in the development and utilization of minerals and energy resources in the region by encouraging an efficient institutional framework and facilitating dialogue among policy makers and the private sector;

ii. Facilitating Policy decision and dissemination of best practices: The objectives of this theme are to assist African countries in: (a) devising and adopting sound micro- and macro-economic strategies, policies, laws and regulations with a view to increasing investment flow --including foreign direct investment (FDI)-- for sustained development of mineral and energy resources; and (b) exchanging experiences on best practices;

iii. Supporting capacity building: The objective is to assist African member countries in building required skills at national, subregional and regional levels for the sustained development and management of mineral and energy resources; and in promoting the development of mineral and energy resources. This will include, among others, promotional activities in mineral and energy resources development.

3. Implementation modalities

A particular consideration will be given to the link between the activities performed /initiated in 1996-1997. In addition to the outputs contained in the Programme of work for the 1998-1999 biennium and outstanding activities programmed in 1997, follow up actions resulting especially from the second conference of African ministers responsible for the development and utilization of mineral and energy resources in Africa, will be undertaken.

The Outputs to be produced are reported on the table attached to the present brief and will be undertaken under the three themes as follows:

Promoting cooperation, integration and public-private sector partnership

The main activities under this theme will include:

(i) Two non-recurrent publications :

* Evaluation and policy paper on the existing institutional framework for regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: Agenda for action [Output (m)]

This publication is the combination and reformulation of Publication on "Evaluation of the existing institutional framework for cooperation in mineral and energy resources at subregional levels (North Africa; West Africa; Central Africa; and East and Southern Africa)" previously programmed in 1997 with a publication untitled "Policy paper on an institutional framework for regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: Agenda for action" in the 1998-1999 work programme.

Objectives: The objectives of the publication are: to (a) assess existing mechanisms of cooperation, (b) evaluate degree and mechanisms for networking between centres and institutions of excellence, (c) private sector-government relationship with respect to dialogue and exchange of information, (d) evaluate mining and energy protocols and their contribution to increased cooperation, and (e) propose an Agenda for action towards enhancing productivity of efficiencies in the mineral and energy sectors. The paper will serve as basic document to a seminar aimed at "strengthening institutional framework for regional cooperation in sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources for sustained economic growth".

Modalities and partnership: The modalities of implementing the study will include: (a) two questionnaires to be filled by the member States, the African IGOs and relevant institutions, and private sector's relevant bodies; (b) the exploitation of information available on the Web-site; and (c) field missions undertaken in close collaboration with the ECA Subregional Development Centres (SRDCs).

* Pre-feasibility study for Central African subregional integrated energy and power development and connectivity [Output (u)]

This output had initially to deal with "A feasibility study for subregional integrated energy and power development and connectivity" without specifying the African subregion concerned. However, it has been noted that interconnection of energy networks was already existing in the Southern Africa within the Southern Africa Power Pool, West Africa subregion within ECOWAS and UEMOA, in North Africa subregion within COMELEC and in East Africa. This is why the study will concentrate on the Central Africa subregion including the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Objective: The objective are to facilitate cooperation among African countries in general and Central African member States in particular, in: (a) building subregional integrated energetic infrastructures; and (b) exploiting existing resources; and (c) increasing the common use of energy power.

Modalities and partnership: The implementation of the study will require: (a) the preparation a questionnaire and its dissemination to member States in close cooperation with UPDEA in order to identify potential inter-country energy projects; (b) exploitation of information available on the Web-site; (c) collection of Technical and economic information on the form of national energy profiles as inputs to potential regional Programmes; (d) identification of potential regional programmes; (e) submission to UDEAC, ECCAS, SADC meetings.

 

(ii) Cooperation with intergovernmental institutions and inter-agency coordination and liaison

The activities will mainly include: (a) assistance and advisory services; and (b) contribution to ACC Committee on Natural Resources (CNR)

(a) Providing assistance and advisory services:

Objectives: The objectives will be to provide assistance and advisory services to African IGOs and institutions in enhancing cooperation in the field of mineral and energy resources development. While making effort to respond to specific requests from IGOs and RECs, a priority will be given to providing assistance to the following:

* The Eastern and Southern African Mineral Resources Development Centre (ESAMRDC): Advisory services and assistance in promoting cooperation with other centres/institutions, strengthening private sector participation in mobilizing member States financial contribution; participation in the meetings of the Board of Directors (three in 1998 and three in 1999).

* The Central African Mineral Resources Development Centre (CAMRDC): Efforts will be deployed, in close collaboration with the CA-SRDC, to implement the recommendations of both the report on the rationalization of ECA-sponsored institutions and the conference of African Ministers responsible for the development and utilization of mineral and energy resources. The activities will include review and sensitizing mission to member States, preparation, organization and servicing the extraordinary meeting of the Governing Council of the institution.

* The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS): as follow-up action of the Conference of Durban, consultations will be established with the WA-SRDC, the Secretariat of ECOWAS, relevant African IGOs (such as OAU and ADB) and UN organizations, and west African countries to review the feasibility of a mineral development centre in that subregion. Mission will be undertaken in west Africa in close coordination with ECOWAS.

* The West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA): The contacts established and negotiations undertaken in 1997 will be pursued in order to conclude the protocol of cooperation between ECA and UEMOA, in the areas of energy and mining. Assistance will be provided in the implementation of the Energy programme adopted by UEMOA at Bamako (Mali) in March 1997.

* The Economic Community of Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL): In close collaboration with the EA-SRDC and ECA/DISD, assistance will be provided in strengthening and managing of energy data base and the promotion of identified interconnection Projects.

* The Southern African Development Community (SADC): Participation in the meeting of the Ministerial Committee of the mining sector. This meeting will be organized jointly with the Governing Council of the ESAMRDC with a view to harmonizing the programmes of the two institutions and reinforcing cooperation among them.

(b) Fourth session of the ACC Committee on Natural Resources (CNR):

Objective: The objective is to contribute to the reinforcement of cooperation between the regional commissions for better harmonizing and coordinating of activities in the area of natural resources development activities in general and mineral resources in particular.

Modalities and partnership: A contribution to the meeting will be prepared. Consultation will be established within the RCID and with FSSDD for input on water and environmental issues related to natural resources development. If needed, a mission will be undertake to participate in the meeting.

(iii) Technical cooperation

The main activities will be the preparation and organization of a Policy seminar on "strengthening the institutional framework for regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral resources for sustained economic growth".

Objective: to enhance/strengthen institutional framework for regional cooperation in sustainable development of Africa' mineral and energy resources for sustained economic growth.

Modalities and partnership: The meeting will gather senior national policy makers, technical experts and senior executives of regional economic communities and specialized IGOs, local and transnational mining/energy and industrial corporations, labour and environmental civic organizations, bilateral and multilateral agencies to discuss the issues of effective cooperation in strengthening institutional framework for regional cooperation in sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources for sustained economic growth.

The seminar will be prepared in close cooperation with member States, ECA Conference and General Services Division (CGSD), SRDCs, African IGOs, RECs and regional institutions/organizations, mining and energy relevant associations, and the private sector.

Facilitating Policy decision and dissemination of best practices

The main activities under this second theme will be the following:

(i) Servicing of intergovernmental/expert bodies including: (a) the Technical Committee on Natural Resources, Sciences and Technology; (b) an Ad hoc expert group meeting on "Policy, legal and regulatory regimes conducive to sustained investment in mineral resources development in Africa"; and (c) another Ad hoc expert group meeting on "mobilizing capital development for Africa's mineral and energy resources: dimensions of public-private sector partnership"

Objective: The overall objective of these three outputs is to enhance the development of mineral and energy resources in the region. In particular, they are the following:

* Meeting of the Technical Committee on Natural Resources, Sciences and Technology: to (a) provide a forum for exchange of information and sharing experiences in the fields of mineral and energy resources development; (b) assess the degree of implementation of the recommendations of the Conference of African Ministers Responsible for the Development and Utilization of Mineral and Energy Resources; (c) enhance cooperation among African countries and between them and the private sector in the proper use of Science and technology for the development of mineral and energy resources; and (d) advice the Conference of Ministers of ECA on ways to strengthen its support to member States in the area of mineral and energy resources management. A report to the meeting will be prepared and will focus on the following themes: (a) implementation of decisions and recommendations of Durban; (b) policy orientations and recommendations for design of framework and guidelines for the development of mineral and energy resources in the period 2000-2001; (c) enhanced participation of private sector in the development of African mineral and energy resources; and (d) contribution of mineral and energy resources to poverty alleviation.

* Ad Hoc meeting on Policy, legal and regulatory regimes conducive to sustained investment in mineral resources development in Africa: to (a) assess factors constraining investment and the full participation of private sector in African mining and energy sectors; (b) identify the comparative best practices to attract increased investment into the African mineral and energy sectors; and (c) make recommendations towards sustained investment in the African mineral and energy sectors. The publication reference (n) on "Policy, legal, and regulatory frameworks for sustained development of mineral resources: best practices" will serve as basic document for the meeting.

* Ad hoc expert meeting on mobilizing capital development for Africa's mineral and energy resources: dimensions of public-private sector partnership: to (a) assess the current status of available capital for the development of Africa's mineral and energy development; (b) identify areas of weaknesses requiring attention; and (c) make recommendations for enhanced mobilization of capital for Africa's mineral and energy development projects. The publications on "Transnational corporations' contribution in the mining and energy sectors: selected African countries" [ref (o)], "New sources of capital for development of Africa's mineral resources: tapping the capital markets" [ref (q)], and "Alternative approaches to financing energy and power development: case studies from Africa and other developing regions" [ref (r)] will constitute the working documents of the meeting.

Modalities and partnership: In the course of implementation of the activities, close consultation will be established inside and outside of ECA. Inside consultations will be organized with the Food Security and Sustainable Development Division (FSSDD) on the format and contain of the meeting of the Technical committee on natural resources, sciences and technology. Indeed although it is the same committee, three sectoral committees on mineral, energy and sciences and technology respectively might meet separately and subsequently report to a Plenary meeting. Partners to the organization of the meetings include DMD, GCSD and SRDCs. Partners out of ECA will include the chairman of the conference of ministers responsible for the development and utilization of mineral and energy resources; member States; African IGOs, RECs and organizations (particularly AfDB, OAU); relevant international organizations including DESA, UNCTAD, UNIDO, UNEP, ILO, UNDP, World Bank; regional and international NGOs such as the WEC and the private sector professional associations.

(ii) Two Recurrent publications consisting of: (a) Statistical annex on minerals and energy output and consumption (contribution to the annual Economic report on Africa and the biannual Survey of Economic and Social Conditions in Africa); and (b) Newsletter: African Minerals and Energy Update (two issues in 1998 and two issues in 1999) will be produced.

Objective: The objective of these publications on African minerals and energy is to provide updated and relevant information on a regular basis and in a timely manner, on the African mining and energy sectors with a view to: (a) increasing awareness of the activities of ECA in these sectors; (b) facilitating exchange of information on the best practices in the two sectors; (c) improving awareness and interest in the African mineral and energy sectors; (d) promoting increased participation of all the major actors in the development of minerals and energy resources in Africa and thereby stimulate increased investment flows in the two sectors.

Modalities and partnership: The publications will be based on relevant information collected in the field as well as through networks with African national, subregional and regional institutions and established international data banks including those of World Bank and UNCTAD. The publications will be largely disseminated through the ECA new information system.

The key partners for the implementation are: (a) inside of ECA: Development Information Services Division (DISD), Economic and Social Policy Division (ESPD), and Development Management Division (DMD); (b) outside of ECA: member States, Subregional groupings and institutions, AfDB, the World Bank and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).

(iii) non-recurrent publications:

* Policy, legal, and regulatory frameworks for sustained development of mineral resources: best practices [output (n)];

This publication is in line with both the "Policy paper on policy, legal and regulatory frameworks for sustained development of mineral resources: a comparative study of selected African and developing countries" conducted in 1997 and the recommendation of Durban related to assistance to member States with "comparative studies on mineral legislation and investment codes.

Objective: To undertake in African selected countries, a study of the regulatory factors and best practices which attract increased investment flows into the mineral and energy sectors. The study will be an input to the Ad hoc expert meeting on Policy, legal and regulatory regimes conducive to sustained investment in mineral resources development in Africa.

Modalities and partnership: The study will be carried out in partnership with the DISD, ESPD and concerned SRDCs in ECA; concerned ministries and institutions in the selected countries; relevant IGOs and RECs in Africa. Relevant information will be collected through missions, questionnaires and internet.

* Transnational corporations' contribution in the mining and energy sectors: selected African countries [output (o)]

Objective: to: (a) assess the current contribution of trans-national corporations in the African mineral and energy and identify sectors in comparison with the situation in other regions; (b) analyze the weaknesses which constrained increased contribution of these transnational; and (c) advise on suitable measures to be taken to improve the situation. The study will serve as input in the Ad hoc expert group meeting on "mobilizing capital development for Africa's mineral and energy resources: dimensions of public-private sector partnership"

Modalities and partnership: Desk study will be undertaken and information sought inside and outside of ECA. The key partners which will be involved in the implementation of for this output include the DISD, ESPD, relevant ministries and institutions in the selected countries, relevant IGOs, the Chambers of Mines, the African Union of Electricity Producers and Distributors (UPDEA), the World Bank and the World Energy Council (WEC).

* Competitiveness of small-scale enterprises in the African mining and energy sectors [output (p)].

Objective: to improve the competitiveness of African small-scale mining and energy entrepreneurs. The study will: (a) assess the status of small-scale entrepreneurship in the areas of the development of mineral and energy resources , (b) review the constraints and weaknesses which characterize this type of enterprise in the two sectors, and (c) make recommendations for improvement of technical and managerial skills of small-scale mining and energy entrepreneurial.

Modalities and Partnership: In the course of the implementation, contribution will be sought particularly from the Autorité du Liptako Gourma (ALG), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the Small Scale Mining International (SMI), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank. The ECA Web-side will be also used to collect information.

* New sources of capital for development of Africa's mineral resources: tapping the capital markets [output (q)]

Objective to facilitate the access to and the use of sources of capital in the development of African mineral resources. The study will : (a) review the new sources of capital with a special focus on capital markets; and (b) provide policy orientations and recommendations for the efficient use of capital markets in the development of mineral industries and energy in Africa.

Modalities and partnership: Desk study will be undertaken and information sought inside and outside of The main partners in the course of implementation of the output will be the DMD, the AfDB, the World Bank and the UNCTAD.

* Alternative approaches to financing energy and power development: case studies from Africa and other developing regions [output (r)]

Objective: to assist member States in identification and use of alternative financing schemes for the development of energy and power in Africa. The study will consist in : (a) assessing and analysing the existing financing sources and mechanisms for energy and power production; (b) identifying alternative financing schemes; and (c) making recommendation for increased and efficient use of these alternative approaches.

Modalities and partnership: Desk study. The key partners will include selected member States, the AfDB, the African Union of Electricity Producers and Distributors (UPDEA), the World Bank and the World Energy Council.

* Assessment of the adequacy of environmental regulatory frameworks governing mineral and energy resources extraction and processing [Output (s)]

Objective: to assist member States in mitigating the environmental negative effects of mineral and energy resources extraction and processing. The study will focus on the following: (a) review of existing regulatory frameworks related to environmental impact; (b) analyze their adequacy; (c) assessment of effectiveness of implementation; and (d) formulation of guidelines for environmental impact assessment before and during mineral and energy extraction and processing and following the post activities restoration.

Modalities and partnership: The fulfilment of this output will require the use of an external expert with great experience in the environmental issues related to mineral and energy resources development activities. Input will be sought from the following partners: ECA Food Security and Sustainable Development Division (FSSDD), SADC Environmental Unit, the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the sister Regional economic commissions for Latino America and Caribbean, and for Asia and Pacific, the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the World Bank.

The findings of the study will be used as additional input to the seminar on "sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: minimizing environmental impacts"

* Review of projection models for Africa's energy and power demand and supply: balance sheets for long-term projections to the year 2025 [Output (t)]

This output combines the publication on "A projection model for Africa's energy and power demand and supply: documentation of technical assumptions" which had to be produced in 1997 and that on "Africa's energy balance sheet: long-term projection to the year 2025" which is in the 1998-1999 biennium work programme.

Objective: It is expected that this combination will result in the application of the appropriate projection model to prepare the Africa's energy balance sheets and in the harmonization of the collection, compilation and management of energy data at the national, subregional and regional levels.

Modalities and partnership: In the preparation of the output, partnership will be sought from DISD, the AfDB African Energy Programme and RECs.

* Assessment of the productivity, environmental impacts, safety and health hazard characteristics of small-scale mining operations: a comparative study of selected countries in Africa and other developing regions on policy and regulatory recommendations. (from 1997)

Objective: This output is carried from the 1997 work programme. Its objective is to improve the level of skills in sustained small-scale mining. The study will review the current conditions pertaining to small-scale mining in selected African countries. It will particularly focus on: (a) the inadequacies of the technic used and the dearth of the technological environment resulting in poor productivity and negative environmental effects; (b) the safety and health characteristics in African small-scale mining and their effects on the workers including the women who constitute an important part of them; (c) the institutional, legal and regulatory framework of small-scale mining; and (d) the formulation of recommendations for the design of framework and guidelines for sustainable development of small-scale mining. The Study will be an input to the seminar on ""sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: minimizing environmental impacts"

Modalities and partnership: Mission will be undertaken in selected countries and input sought from SADC Environmental Unit, the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the sister Regional economic commissions for Latino America and Caribbean, and for Asia and Pacific, the International Labour Organization (ILO), the World Bank and the Small-Scale Mining International (SMI).

 

Supporting capacity building:

The activities to be undertaken under this theme will be the following:

(i) Advisory services

Advisory services and assistance will be provided, on request, to member States, IGOs and RECs, in the limit of the resources. Priority will be given to requests concerning: (a) micro- and macro-economic policy, legal and regulatory issues related to mineral resources and energy development including planning, and (b) specific mineral and energy resources deposits development's promotion. In this context, the Secretariat will assist:

* Burkina Faso with a comparative study on the legal and regulatory framework governing the mining sector of the member countries of UEMOA with a view to providing guidelines for a greater harmonisation which would lead to integrated development of mineral resources in this subregion. The study will be conducted in close cooperation with the Ministry of Energy and Mines of Burkina Faso, the relevant ministries and institutions of the UEMOA's member States, the ALG and the UEMOA. The findings will be an input to the workshop on the mining investment promotion of burkina Faso (PROMIN'98) to be held in Ouagadougou from 26-30 October 1998.

* Uganda with the promotion of the development of its phosphates deposits, in connection with a request formulated by the Minister of Natural Resources of that country during the conference of Durban. The activity will be carried out in collaboration with the SA-SRDC, the secretariat of COMESA and the ESAMRDC. An expert on fertilizers will be sought.

* Rwanda: Revitalizing the mining sector in: (a) assessing the situation on the ground; (b) making recommendations on strategy to put in place; (c) assisting in the formulation of projects for the revitalization of the sector; (d) identifying relevant partners for funding and implementation. The activity will be carried out in collaboration with EA-SRDC, the secretariat of ECCAS and the ESAMRDC.

(ii) Group training (seminars, workshops and symposia)

Two activities will be undertaken in partnership with the World Energy Council (WEC) and MIGA respectively. They will include:

* Joint ECA/WEC workshop on Facilitating Investment Flows in the energy sector in Africa (Addis Ababa, June 1998)

Objectives: The long term objective of the activity is to promote increased investment flows in the into the African energy sector. The immediate objective are to address the issues of:(a) public-private partnership, (b) preparing feasibility energy investment projects, and (c) implementing policies and programmes including privatization and building institutions.

Modalities and partnership: It will have a close collaboration between the two organizations in the course of implementation including share of responsibility. Other key partners will be the WEC national Committees, the AfDB, the World Bank and the RECs.

In addition to this specific joint activity, ECA will contribute to and participate in two workshops organized by the WEC on Transfrontier Energy Co-operation in Africa, and Future development of photovoltaics in Africa to be held in Cairo (Egypt) and Niamey (The Republic of Niger) respectively.

* Joint ECA/MIGA Symposium on "African Mining Investment and Business Opportunities"

Objective: to promote increased investment flows in the African mining sector. It is expected that gathering of Ministers, high level national experts and policy decision makers, executive directors of mining institutions, and mining investors will facilitate the comprehensive dialogue resulting in financing and implementation of more development projects.

Modalities and partnership: The activity will be conducted in close cooperation with the MIGA with the cooperation of the Ministry of Energy and Mines of Morocco, the relevant ministries in member States, Mining corporations, mineral associations, the AfDB and the World Bank. ECA will prepare a contribution to and participate in the meeting.

 

4. Expected impact

It is expected that:

i. the gathering of Policy decision makers, local and external private investors, mineral and energy associations, relevant institutions etc, in fora such as the programmed Technical Committee on Natural Resources and Sciences and Technology, the two Ad Hoc expert meetings, the seminar on institutional framework, and the two joint meetings with WEC and MIGA respectively, will facilitate the promotion and establishment of comprehensive dialogue resulting in better understanding, healthy atmosphere and effective cooperation among African countries as well as with the concerned actors at national, subregional and regional levels;

ii. the provision of: (a) sound analytical comparative studies on policies, legal and regulatory frameworks and reports to member States and meetings --based on updated information through the Newsletter on African minerals and Energy Update and the Statistical Annex on mineral and energy output and consumption-- ; and (b) opportunity for sharing and exchanging information and experience between participants in these meetings will facilitate the adoption and implementation of sound and harmonized policies, strategies and programmes which will attract more investment for development of mineral and energy resources at national, subregional and regional levels;

iii. the sharing of information and experience, on one hand, and the assistance and advisory services provided to member States, IGOs and RECs on the other hand, will contribute to the strengthening of capacities and capabilities at national, subregional and regional levels with a special consideration to gender.

 

Resources Requirements

i. Human resources

To minimize required man month: (a) Publication on "A projection model for Africa's energy and power demand and supply: documentation of technical assumptions" previously programmed in 1997 will be combined with that on "Africa's energy balance sheet: long-term projection to the year 2025" into one publication reformulated to "Review of projection models for Africa's energy and power demand and supply: balance sheets for long-term projections to the year 2025" as Output (t); and (b) Output 3(b)(viii) on "Evaluation of the existing institutional framework for cooperation in mineral and energy resources at subregional levels (North Africa; West Africa; Central Africa; and East and Southern Africa)" previously programmed in 1997 will be combined with publication entitled "Policy paper on an institutional framework for regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: Agenda for action [Output (m)]" and reformulated as follow: "Evaluation of the existing institutional framework for subregional and regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: proposal for an Agenda for action"

The total man month needed to implement the 1998-1999 programme is estimated to 74 with the following distribution: 39w/m for 1998 and 35w/m for 1999. The human resources available for the implementation of the programme comprise: 2 experts (one in mineral and one in energy). Therefore, the total deficit for the biennium, which can be reduced if a Regional adviser is recruited, will be 26w/m: 15w/m in 1998 and 11w/m in 1999. To overcome this situation, the following strategy is envisaged:

1. Hiring consultancy services for a total 26w/m to be used as follows:

(a) in 1998:

- Policy, legal, and regulatory frameworks for sustained development of mineral resources: best practices [output 16A.76b (ii)(n)]: 2.00w/m;

- Transnational corporations' contribution in the mining and energy sectors: selected African countries [output 16A.76b (ii)(o)]: 3.00w/m;

- New sources of capital for development of Africa's mineral resources: tapping the capital markets [output 16A.76b (ii)(q)]: 3.50w/m

- Alternative approaches to financing energy and power development: case studies from Africa and other developing regions [output 16A.76b (ii)(r)]: 3.00w/m;

- Assessment of adequacy of environmental regulatory framework governing mineral and energy resources extraction and processing: a comparative study of selected countries in Africa and other developing countries" [output 16A.76b (ii)(s)]: 3.50w/m.

(b) In 1999:

- Evaluation and policy paper on the existing institutional framework for regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: Agenda for action [Output 16A.76b(m)]: 2.00w/m;

- Competitiveness of small-scale enterprises in the African and energy sectors [Output 16A.76b (ii)(p)]: 3.00w/m;

- Review of projection models for Africa's energy and power demand and supply: balance sheets for long-term projections to the year 2025 [Output 16A.76b(ii)(t)]: 2.00w/m;

- Pre-feasibility study for Central African subregional integrated energy and power development and connectivity [Output 16A.76b(ii)(u)]: 2.00w/m

- Assessment of the productivity, environmental impacts, safety and health hazard characteristics of small-scale mining operations: a comparative study of selected countries in Africa and other developing regions on policy and regulatory recommendations (from 1997): 2.00w/m.

2. Using any travel opportunity to collect data and information to be used for the others programmed outputs;

3. Combining as much as possible missions.

4. Seeking extra budgetary resources through external funded projects.

ii. Financial resources

The total financial resources required for the biennium is estimated to US$ with the following breakdown

(a) In 1998: US$200,000 including the following:

* Travel on mission for ECA staff: US$ 35,700 with the following breakdown:

- 16A.76c(a): Assistance and advisory services' missions to ESAMRDC and Great Lakes' Community (CEPGL): US$ 7,250

- 16A.76c(b): Participation in the WEC workshop on Transfrontier Energy Co-operation in Africa, Cairo, Egypt: US$ 4,000;

- 16A.76c(c): Participation in the WEC workshop on Future development of photovoltaics in Africa, Niamey, the Republic of Niger: US$ 2,150;

- 16A.76c(d): Participation in the workshop on the interconnection of electrical gride in the ECOWAS subregion: US$ 2,750;

- 16A.76c(e): Participation in the UNCTAD conference on Oil marketing, risk management and finance in Africa", Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: US$ 2,800;

- 16A.76c(f): Preparatory mission and participation in the joint ECA/MIGA Symposium on African Mining Investment and Business Opportunities, Marakech, Morocco: US$ 7,500;

 

- 16A.76c(g): Missions related to Follow-up actions to the recommendations of the Durban Conference Uganda, Kigali, etc.): US$3,550;

- 16A.76d(a): Participation in the meeting of the Promotion of the mining sector in Burkina, PROMIN'98 (mission combined with discussion and finalization of memorandum of Understanding on partnership with UEMOA): US$ 3,250;

- 16A.76d(b) Missions related to the promotion of solar energy technology in Africa, including the Benin project: US$ 2,450.

* Consultancy services: US$ 134,900 with the following breakdown:

- Travel: US$ 14,250

- Fees: US$ 75,000

- Perdiem: US$ 45,650

* ECA contribution to the Joint ECA/MIGA Symposium on "African Mining Investment and Business Opportunities: US$ 30,000

* Ad Hoc expert group meeting [Outputs 16A.76a (iii)(c) and 16A.76a (iii)(k)]: US$ 50,400.

 

(b) In 1999: US$138,075 including the following

* Travel on mission for ECA staff: US$ 41,775

- 16A.76a (ii)(d): Report to the Committee on Natural Resources, Sciences and Technology on the Development of Mineral and Energy Resources: US$ 5,500;

- 16A.76b (ii)(m): "Evaluation of the existing institutional framework for subregional and regional cooperation in the sustainable development of Africa's mineral and energy resources: proposal for an Agenda" : US$ 7,250;

- 16A.76b (ii)(p): competitiveness of small-scale enterprises in the African mining and energy sectors: US$ 4,275

- 16A.76b (ii)(u): Pre-feasibility study for Central African subregional integrated energy and power development and connectivity: US$ 2,500

- Output from 1997: Assessment of the productivity, environmental impacts, safety and health hazard characteristics of small-scale mining operations: a comparative study of selected countries in Africa and other developing regions on policy and regulatory recommendations : US$ 4,750

- 16A.76c: Missions related to Follow-up actions to the recommendations of the Durban Conference regarding cooperation with subregional intergovernmental organizations: US$ 7,500

- 16A.76d(i): Advisory services to member States and IGOs on request: US$ 4500

- 16A.76d(ii): Participation in the MIGA annual Symposium on African Mining investment and Business Opportunities: US$ 5,500

* Consultancy services: US$ 96,300 with the following breakdown:

- Travel: US$ 10,500

- Fees: US$ 49,500

- Perdiem: US$ 36,300

 

iii. Equipment, Skill development and dissemination of findings

To implement the programme and better disseminate the findings, the staff will need to be trained in using new technologies for: (a) developing network; (b) collecting and processing data and information; (c) improving presentation of documents; and (d) disseminating findings.