First | Second | Third | Opening First Meeting

REPORT

A. Attendance and Organisation of Work

1. The First Advisory Board Meeting on Science and Technology for Africa's Development was held in the United Nations Conference Centre, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) from 18 to 19 May 1998. The meeting was formally opened by Professor Paulina Makinwa-Adebusoye, the Chief of Food Security and Sustainable Development Division (FSSDD) of the Economic Commission for Africa on behalf of the Executive Secretary.

2. The meeting was attended by experts drawn from the following member States: Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and Tunisia.

3. A participant from ECA, SRDC in Morocco also attended the meeting.

B. Account of Proceedings

Opening address (Agenda item 1)

4. In the opening speech read on behalf of the Executive Secretary of ECA, Professor Paulina Makinwa-Adebusoye welcomed members of the Advisory Group and emphasized that advisors are critical in the work of the ECA as they embody expert knowledge needed to enunciate interventions that would make desirable impact in ECA member countries. Noting that some of the advisors had participated in the meeting of the Ad-hoc Group of Experts held from 9 to 12 February 1998, she stated that the advisory group was expected to build on the work of the ad-hoc group in order to guide the Commission to help its member States to harness the fruits of science and technology for the solution of some of their development problems.

5. The Executive Secretary enjoined the Advisory Board to focus on two sets of issues: those arising from the ad-hoc group of experts meeting and those arising from the recommendations of the African Conference of Ministers which needed to be pursued quickly in order to ensure that their suggestions are implemented for the benefit of the continent. The Advisory Board was also requested to kindly prepare a profile for an Executive Dialogue of Ministers and high level officials who are responsible for science and technology, which is planned to take place from 18 to 19 June, 1998 in Addis Ababa. The Executive Secretary remarked that if well conducted, the dialogue should not only foster a better understanding of the science and technology issues, but also stimulate executive level action for scientific and technological development of the continent. He emphasized the expectation of ECA that the Advisory Board would provide guidelines for the dialogue to ensure a fruitful outcome.

6. The Executive Secretary's speech dwelt at length on the need to mobilize extrabudgetary resources for the science and technology activities of ECA, in view of the serious resource constraints that faced the Commission. He emphasized that it was necessary for the various divisions within ECA to explore new and innovative ways of augmenting the United Nations' approved regular budget in the implementation of their programmes. In this regard, the Executive Secretary expressed the gratitude of the ECA to the Carnegie Corporation of New York for their financial assistance to organise the Expert Group Meeting, the Advisory Board Meeting and the planned Executive Dialogue. He informed the Board that ECA had continued to pursue vigorously, other avenues of extra-budgetary support, and invited members' input into a project document on this issue, to enrich it.

7. The Executive Secretary concluded by summarizing the specific tasks that the Advisory Board was expected to perform as: setting priorities regarding the many science and technology needs of member States (as identified by the ad-hoc group) and advising the ECA on how best to meet the needs; advising the ECA on the mode of intervention that will make a marked impact in member States; advising the ECA on methods of raising the needed funds and other resources for the science and technology programme; and preparing a detailed profile of the planned Executive Dialogue of Ministers and high level policy makers responsible for science and technology in various countries. He expressed his confidence in the Board's expertise to meet the challenges of the tasks and wished them very fruitful deliberations.

Election of officers (Agenda item 2)

8. The meeting elected the following officers:

 Agenda

(a) Adoption of the agenda and the programme of work (Agenda item 3)

Following the election of officers, the meeting adopted the agenda shown below:

1. Opening ceremony

2. Election of officers

3. Adoption of the agenda and the programme of work

4. Discussion of a framework for ECA's future intervention and issues relating to the compendia and ESTNET

5. Discussion of other science and technology issues

6. Prioritization of the science and technology needs of member States

7. Funding of ECA's science and technology activities

8. Preparation of detailed programme of work for the Executive Dialogue

9. Any other business

10. Evaluation of the meeting

11. Adoption of the report

12. Closing of the meeting

The programme of work was also adopted.

Discussion Items

(b) Proposed framework for ECA's Science and Technology Intervention in Member States (Agenda item 4)

10. A two-page memorandum was presented by the Secretariat. The first page recalled the mandate of the Conference of Ministers of November 1995 and requested the Advisory Board to consider the mandate and recommend immediate next steps for ECA's implementation that will have marked impact in member States. The second page was a diagram of the proposed framework for ECA's intervention.

11. During discussion, it was noted that the African Regional Conference on Science and Technology had been discontinued; that ECA's mandate had not been changed; and that greater attention needed to be directed at reaching the private sector without necessarily going through governments. Members also suggested that the arrows in the diagram linking ECA's science and technology programmes and the National Systems of Innovation should point both ways to reflect an interactive relationship. It was also pointed out that the boxes in the diagram were not watertight compartments. The diagram was amended as in annex I.

(c) Update on Compendia of Best Practices (Agenda item 4 continued)

12. The one-page memorandum showed that completed compendia from Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Swaziland, and Uganda had been received as at 15 May 1998. Three of these were ready for publication while three others needed minor editorial work. The compendium from Mali did not conform to the guidelines given by the ad-hoc group of experts, and so needed to be rewritten before being translated into English.

13. Members of the Advisory Board who were working on the compendia for countries on which completed compendia had not been received were requested by the meeting to confirm the status of their work. The Advisory Board was informed that the compendium from Cameroon had been brought to the meeting; and the compendia from Chad, Morocco and Tunisia would be sent soon after the Advisory Board meeting. The meeting was informed that the compendia from South Africa would be based on a new approach using questionnaires and the identification of project champions from the entire country. It was agreed that the Secretariat should send reminders to the other consultants who had not submitted their completed compendia. It was also agreed that the compendia would be presented according to countries in the first instance. In future, further refinements and flexibility of presentation should be explored.

(d) Status Report on the ECA Science and Technology Network (ESTNET)

(Agenda item 4 continued)

14. This memorandum was presented to the advisory group by the Secretariat. It drew attention to the difficulty that ECA had in obtaining required funding for the project. The meeting was informed that about $1.0 million USD was required to get connectivity for the 50 member countries. It was also noted that there were many existing networks on food security and that it was necessary to focus the ECA science and technology network on a niche.

15. In discussion, members suggested that ECA should identify countries where focal points already had connectivity, and start with these. It was noted that many institutions were already connected to the Internet, and these should form the nucleus of ESTNET. It was suggested that this approach could reduce the expenditure on connectivity. It was agreed that the network was for science and technology as applied to food security and sustainable development and that its funding should be discussed under the substantive agenda item of funding of ECA science and technology activities. A number of national focal points had been suggested. In addition, CORAF will propose other focal points in countries which are not covered.

(e) ECA's Science and Technology Policy Brief (Agenda item 4 continued)

16. The policy brief was presented by the Secretariat. It was explained that the Advisory Board was expected to advise on the content and substance of the brief and that the ECA's publications mechanisms would advise on the format.

17. The advisory group suggested that: the concept of "the nexus" needed to be defined in a short paragraph since not all readers would know what it meant; the space devoted to the listing of the ad-hoc group of experts could be reduced considerably; the pictures presented in the brief had no caption, and their relevance was not obvious without any reference in the text; that the numbering on page 5 of the brief was wrong; a number of other suggestions for amendment were made.

(f) ECA Brochure on Science and Technology (Agenda item 4 continued)

18. The draft brochure was presented by the Secretariat. It explained that the brochure was suggested by the ad-hoc group of experts as a means of better informing member States about ECA's science and technology activities.

19. The Advisory Board felt that it should not be called a brochure because many of the activities described were not yet being carried out by ECA. The existing title "science and technology in the renewed ECA" or something similar should be used. The group then went through the content of the document paragraph by paragraph. It was suggested that the reference to the African Conference of Ministers and Resolution 817 (XXXI) be replaced by a more general rendering since the African Regional Conference on Science and Technology had been discontinued; the science and technology vision of ECA be restated; paragraphs 5 (iii), 11, 13, and 14 (iv) be deleted from the document; that reference be made to science and technology for food security and sustainable development; and the last paragraph should be headed as "outputs and results". Other changes were made to the wording of different parts of the brochure. The agreed substance of the brochure is given as Annex II.

(g) The Role and Potential of Indigenous Technology for the Promotion of Sustainable Development for Food Security (Agenda item 5) (FSSDD/S&T/AG/98/8)

20. This project outline was presented by the Secretariat and the Advisory Board was requested to advise the ECA on methodology, useful case studies, choice of countries and any other issues that could enrich the study. The aim of the research project was to identify indigenous technologies that could contribute to food security through improved food production, storage, processing, and distribution.

21. During the discussion, members suggested that: the project should be limited to indigenous technologies for storage and food processing; that many member countries had funded research into indigenous technologies which could be accessed through key researchers who should be identified by ECA and given some incentives for the work; a number of international organizations such as UNIDO, ILO, FAO, and IITA were known to have research reports on indigenous technologies in the food production chain - these should be contacted by ECA; a number of countries were also known to have developed indigenous knowledge centres, that could be approached by ECA. A member also informed the meeting that a Dutch group publishes the "Indigenous Knowledge Monitor" which could be a good source of information. He offered to give appropriate contact references to the secretariat. It was suggested that the ECA fund the proper collation and distilling of the information on this project in order to ensure its usefulness to member States.

(h) Science and Technology Profiles of Countries (Agenda item 5 continued)

22. This memorandum was presented by the Secretariat. It was noted that the idea was not new since the OECD countries had been constructing science and technology profiles of their countries for over 20 years. It drew attention to some limitations of the framework and suggested that the framework could be modified appropriately to minimise the limitations. The Advisory Board was invited to approve the framework or suggest modifications to it for use in constructing science and technology profiles of member countries; suggest modalities for funding and the logistics for implementation; and also suggest modalities for preparing the science and technology indicators of member States.

23. The Advisory Board suggested that the National Systems of Innovation was a useful framework that could be adopted by ECA. The Board approved the use of the framework and suggested that the ECA get in touch with member countries that have science and technology profiles, such as Tunisia in order to learn from their experience. It was also suggested that UNIDO be contacted for any studies they may have conducted on NSI of member countries. Regarding the method of funding the project, members suggested that member States be approached to raise funds through bilateral sources for the project. It was suggested that the ECA should use the National Science and Technology Commissions or Ministries, or Science and Technology Policy Research Institutions of member countries as focal points for the NSI study.

Prioritization of the Science and Technology Needs of Member States (Agenda item 6)

24. The science and technology needs of member States identified by the ad-hoc group of experts were presented for prioritization to the Advisory Board by the Secretariat. It informed the Board that the prioritization was necessary in view of the unavailability of funds to address all the science and technology needs at the same time. The Chief of FSSDD later explained that this agenda item and the one on funding were included both for the biennial planning of ECA's science and technology activities and because regular budgetary allocations from the UN were usually insufficient to allow for the implementation of activities different from staff costs.

25. During discussion, the Advisory Board felt that the list of science and technology needs of member States should be opened up for any other priority needs identified since the meeting started. Accordingly, six additional needs were identified, and the existing list was pruned down to reflect completion and issues overtaken by other developments. The two lists were then prioritised as follows:

1. Compendia of best practices Phase II;

2. ECA Science and Technology Network;

3. Science and technology profile of states;

4. Human resource development for effective mastery at intermediate and vocational levels;

5. Research institution - industry linkage;

6. Biodiversity, biotechnology, and patents;

7. Support for development of an African Regional Science and Technology strategy and other regional and subregional activities in pursuance of the identification of needs of the member States, and the subregions.

Funding of ECA's Science and Technology Activities (Agenda item 7)

26. It was pointed out that the inadequacy of the funds from the regular UN budget made it critical to seek new and innovative ways to raise funds for ECA's science and technology activities.

27. The Advisory Board made the following suggestions for raising extrabudgetary funds for ECA's science and technology activities:

(a) ECA should prepare project proposals in collaboration with member States and jointly seek bilateral donors for regional projects with individual countries;

(b) ECA should prepare its project proposal in two stages; the first stage should be to sensitise the donors, send out feelers as to their interest in the project through an outline; the second stage should then be a full blown proposal for submission where there were promising indications for funding;

(c) the Commission should choose different donors for different science and technology projects; the interests can also be determined from the annual pledging conferences;

(d) for the biodiversity, biotechnology and patents, ECA should seek funding from the General Environment Facility;

(e) ECA should also seek major programme avenues for funding science and technology activities by incorporating them into more popular programmes such as the SAERP - WARDIS programme.

Preparation of detailed programme of work for the Executive Dialogue (Agenda item 8)

28. A member wanted to know the nature of the Executive Dialogue, and its goal. Dr Abassa explained that it was planned to bring together Ministers from member states to be put through a retreat of briefing on the role of science and technology and its critical importance for the competitive position of countries. The goal is to sensitize these high level decision-makers and get them to discuss their own ideas and any policy initiatives they may be having with their colleagues. The intention is to expose these policy makers to current ideas on science and technology issues as they relate to food security. It was agreed that private sector participants be invited.

29. During discussion, the points were made that: not all of African Ministers of science and technology are being invited; a lot of preparatory work had been done; those to be invited were mainly those from Northern, Eastern and Southern Africa; it will also include a few high-level private sector participants. The Board was informed that advanced notice had been given to the Ministers to be invited. In addition, members were informed that the Minister of Environment, Science and Technology of Ghana had been invited to the Executive Dialogue. It was also agreed that the Minister of Scientific and Technical Research of Cameroon be invited.

30. On the format of the dialogue, it was suggested that the Chief of FSSDD should make a presentation on the renewed ECA and its new vision for science and technology and the different things being done by ECA for science and technology for food security. It was agreed that the format will be to choose three key issues; make expert presentations on them; invite one minister and one private sector representative to also make brief presentations on the issues; and thereafter open the dialogue process on the various presentations. It was agreed that each presentation by ECA should offer several policy solution options and seek the reaction of participants to the process; it should be brief, non-technical, and non-political. It was also agreed that the following three issues should form the basis of the dialogue process:

(a) African technological development in the context of globalisation;

(b) Information technology and its implications for food security and sustainable development; and

(c) Research institution - industry relationship.

31. It was agreed that the ECA Secretariat would prepare the background papers to be sent to the participants. The substantive papers were to be prepared by the following people:

(i) African technological development in the context of globalisation Dr T. O. Adeboye

(ii) Information Technology in ECA/DISD support of food security and sustainable development

(iii) Research institution - industry relationship, Professors Bekoe and Jugessur

32. The expected outcomes are to:

1. obtain the Ministers' reactions to recent changes in ECA;

2. obtain the perceived impact of social and economic policies on science and technology;

3. assess private sector concerns on how global trends and national policies have affected the technological development in the private sector;

4. promote dialogue between Ministers and the private sector;

5. get a direction on activities that need to be undertaken by ECA to address these concerns; and

6. obtain Ministers' perception of other important science and technology issues.

33. The Advisory Board suggested the following programme of work:

Day 1 (18 June 1998)

1. Opening ceremony

                                        2. Introduction of participants

3. Presentation by the Chief of FSSDD

4. Coffee break

5. Initial statements by Ministers (5 to 10 minutes each)

6. End of session - Lunch break

7. Presentation of first issue: "Industry - Research Institution Relations Within the National Systems of Innovation"

(i) Main presentation

(ii) Additional statements

(iii) Discussion

Day 2 (19 June 1998)

1. Presentation of second issue: "African Technological Development in the Context of Globalisation"

(i) Main presentation

(ii) Additional statements

(iii) Discussion

2. Coffee break

3. Presentation of third issue: "Information Technology in Support of Food Security and Sustainable Development"

(i) Main presentation

(ii) Additional statements

(iii) Discussion

4. End of session - Lunch break

5. Any other important issue for ECA consideration

6. Closing ceremony

Any other business (Agenda item 9)

34. There was no other business.

Evaluation of the meeting (Agenda item 10)

35. A two-page questionnaire was circulated to members and was completed and handed over to the Secretariat.

Adoption of the report (Agenda item 11)

36. The report of the meeting was adopted after some amendments by the advisory group.

Closing of the meeting

37. The first meeting of the Advisory Board was concluded by an address given by the Chief of Food Security and Sustainable Development Division (FSSDD), Professor Paulina Makinwa-Adebusoye. In her address, she thanked all the members of the Advisory Board for the valuable contribution they had made to the work of the division. She commended the Board for the blueprint that they gave for the conduct of the proposed Executive Dialogue, and for volunteering to prepare papers for the main presentations at the Dialogue. She expressed her appreciation for the Board's decision that the authors of the papers submit a one-page outline of their presentation before leaving Addis Ababa.

38. Before declaring the meeting officially closed, she thanked all the members of the FSSDD secretariat for the logistical and secretarial support for the meeting. She then declared the meeting officially closed at 7:30 p.m.

Science and Technology in the Renewed ECA

Introductory background

1. In spite of wide-spread recognition of the critical role of science and technology (S&T) in the development of nations, and over three decades of science and technology efforts in Africa, science and technology-led development has had little effect on the mainstream of socio-economic activity in the region. Per capita food production has been declining; population has been growing faster than the rate of food production and environmental degradation has accelerated. The continent suffers from recurrent droughts, malnutrition and diseases. Internal and external factors have been blamed for this problem. However, current trends toward globalization, privatisation, commercialisation and greater reliance on market forces for the allocation of development resources make it imperative for African countries to harness the potentials of science and technology to solve their endemic problems.

2. ECA's member States had resolved to:

(a) create five subregional conferences on S&T with flexible membership to foster sub-regional co-operation and integration in S&T; formulate subregional policies on the basis of members’ competitive advantage; design and implement subregional S&T projects; co-operate in S&T capacity building;

(b) support fully, ECA’s S&T activities which are designed to help member states to incorporate S&T into their socio-economic development for food security, poverty alleviation and enhanced quality of life. They also highlighted the following S&T activities for the support of members: the provision of sample legislation for implementing S&T policies; entrepreneurial capacity building in S&T use; S&T popularisation measures; formulation of S&T policy options for Africa in the twenty-first century; and the delivery of S&T services to member States;

(c) call upon the organisations of the UN system to intensify their co-operation with ECA and assistance to member states in S&T; and

(d) call upon and support the Commission in its search for funds for the execution of extra-budgetary projects in the priority areas identified by the member States.

3. ECA has always recognised the cross-cutting characteristics of science and technology but has always carried out its science and technology activities within one of its divisions. Following the recent reorganisations in the Commission, this cross cutting function was exercised in the Food Security and Sustainable Development Division (FSSDD). Having exercised this role within that division for two years, the need for extending it to all subprogramme divisions of the Commission has become imperative in the light of the wishes of member States. A new vision of the S&T role of the Commission emanates from this.

The vision

4. The Commission's vision is to develop a more effective function that catalyses the harnessing of science and technology by member States, and mobilises adequate resources that will help member States to access the technologies they will require for the new millennium.

5. The Objectives of the S&T function

The overall objective is to strengthen the science and technology function in both ECA and its member States thereby increasing the capacity to harness science and technology for development on the continent. The specific objectives are to:

(i) enhance national awareness about the fundamental role of science and technology in the development process and actualise the political will towards long term national goals based on vision, societal consensus, discipline, stability and appropriate system of national priorities;

(ii) expand and strengthen the networking of ECA member States through: development and dissemination of science and technology data bases; development and hosting of information from member States on nexus and other development issues; facilitating the creation of an electronic discussion group for the exchange of information among all stakeholders; and creation of network focal points to facilitate the dissemination of information;

(iii) promote appropriate human resource development for science and technology capability in ECA member States through primary education, technical, managerial and entrepreneurial training of small and micro enterprise operators, farmers and women in particular, and relevant tertiary education;

(iv) make the science and technology function prominent in all divisions of the Commission by promoting its cross-cutting role in research and development, technology transfer, indigenous technology capability building, advisory services and the management of technology;

(v) provide more relevant and expert science and technology advisory services to its member States; and

(vi) catalyse the extensive science and technology resources within the UN system and elsewhere to provide ECA member States authoritative and focused science and technology information.

6. Programme Components

Immediate components of the S&T function

In determining the components of the S&T function, the Commission was guided by the wishes of member States. Members wanted to: improve their S&T policies and infrastructure; institute effective incentive regimes to foster scientific progress and technological innovation; strengthen their technological financing capacity through, among other things, the use of direct foreign investment, by creating the requisite enabling environment; accelerate their technology acquisition, absorption, and assimilation; create a strong governmental unit to manage technology development; implement urgently policies to curb brain drain; take steps to implement the S&T protocol of the African Economic Community; strengthen their acquisition and application of nuclear technology for food production and conservation; build and periodically upgrade a series of S&T indicators as a source of needed development information; empower women to participate in S&T activities for greater productivity improvement; intensify the teaching of Mathematics, Science, and Technology at primary and secondary levels by reforming the curricula appropriately; and attach more importance to co-operation and collaboration with other bodies. Since all these issues cannot be tackled at once, the Commission has selected six catalytic components for its future S&T intervention. They are as follows:

(a) Awareness creation and enhancement;

(b) Broad-based networking;

(c) Development and dissemination of best practices;

(d) Human resource development;

(e) Science and technology advisory services;

(f) Gender-sensitive S&T activities.

We shall briefly elaborate these.

7. Awareness creation and enhancement

This is both political and societal. Top political leaders (presidents and heads of state) will be sensitized on the critical role of S&T in development. Similarly, a societal consensus is required to successfully implement the initiatives at the productive level. Previously, the Commission relied on the African Regional Conference on Science and Technology and its Intergovernmental Committee on Science and Technology. ECA will in future target the political leaders, the private sector, and the civil society, through briefs, seminars, conferences, audio and video messages.

8. Broad-based networking

The Commission has already developed a number of networks, including one by FSSDD and one by the Development Information Services Division. The first one is a network of S&T databases for food security and sustainable development while the second one is the African Information Society Initiative (AISI) which aims to: build information society awareness; help States to develop their national information infrastructure; promote electronic connectivity; build information and communication capacity; democratise access to the information society; develop sector applications; and develop information management and dissemination capacity. The new S&T function within ECA will harmonise these two networks for S&T development.

9. Development and dissemination of best practices

This activity will have two broad components: the first component is made of compendia of success cases around Africa and other parts of the world with similar resource endowment. This will be based on food security and sustainable development. Cases to be targeted will include: successful land tenure practices; cleaner production practices; successful agricultural research and extension experiences; renewable energy; genetic resource conservation and protection; rural infrastructure development; and technologies geared to small and micro-enterprises and women. The second component will be based on the successful S&T activities of organizations within and outside the UN system. The aim is to generate tacit learning through generating many small and micro business options for development.

10. Human resource development

S&T capacity will be built up both at the Commission and at member state level. ECA will recruit more experts to better serve member states and will be involved with several initiatives to increase technological capability and advisory services.

11. Gender-sensitive S&T activities

ECA will strive to generate many technical options to reduce the drudgery of women’s productive activities. This will be done by promotions, accessing, evaluating and disseminating women-friendly technologies in the activities where women are dominant.

12. Expected outputs and results

The function will have the following outputs and results:

(i) increased awareness of science and technology, and its catalytic role in the development process at all levels of government and society;

(ii) compendia of best practice cases around Africa and the world illustrating how science and technology has been harnessed for development from which lessons will be drawn;

(iii) increased reservoir of skilled and entrepreneurial personnel empowered for productive activities;

(iv) improvement of technical, managerial and entrepreneurial skills for SMEs especially women;

(v) an expanded network of policy makers, entrepreneurs, researchers, institutions and other data bases;

(vi) authoritative set of ECA publications on science and technology issues and solutions;

(vii) availability of a corps of science and technology experts working within the aegis of ECA for member States;

(viii) improved capacity for member States to harness science and technology resources for development;

(ix) increased interaction among stakeholders on issues of science and technology policies and practices.

Annex III
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

1. CAMEROON Dr Akuro David MBAH
Director
Department of Valorization and Development Support
Ministry of Scientific and Technical Research (MINREST)
P. O. Box 1457
Yaounde
Tel.: (237) 22 48 13/23 54 67/23 60 43
Fax: (237) 23 60 43/23 54 67

2. ETHIOPIA Dr BEYENE Kebede
Head, Agriculture and Environment Department
Ethiopian Science and Technology Commission
P. O. Box 2490
Addis Ababa
Tel.: (251-1) 51 13 44/15 55 04
Fax: (251-1) 51 88 29

3. GHANA Professor Daniel Adzei BEKOE
Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences
P. O. Box CT 3383
Accra
Tel.: (233-21) 77 40 20
Fax: (233-21) 77 31 76
E-mail: gaas@ghastinet.gn.apc.org

4. KENYA Dr Titus O. ADEBOYE
Executive Director
African Technology Development Link
PCEA Flat D. 4
P. O. Box 47 149
Nairobi
Tel.: (254-2) 71 25 56
Fax: (254-2) 71 06 54
E-mail: techlink@malone.net

ECA/FSSDD/S&T/AG/98/13
Annex III
Page 1

5. NIGERIA Dr Banji OYELARAN-OYEYINKA
Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER)
P. M. B. 5, U. I. Post Office
Oyo Road, Ojoo
Ibadan
Tel.: (234-2) 8100 094/8102 904/8100 643
Fax: (234-2) 8101 194/8100 136
E-mail: o.oyeyinka@niser.org.ng

6. SENEGAL Dr Ndiaga MBAYE
Secrétaire exécutif
Conférence des Responsables de Recherche Agricole en Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre (CORAF)
P. O. Box 8237 - Yoff
Dakar
Tel.: (221) 825 5569
Fax: (221) 825 9618
E-mail: ndiaga@sonatel.senet.net

7. SOUTH AFRICA Dr David Anthony HARCOURT
Director
Prospective Planning and Evaluation Council for Science andIndustrial Research (CSIR)
P. O. Box 395
Pretoria 0001
Tel.: (+27-12) 841 3097
Fax: (+27-12) 841 3726
E-mail: dharcour@csir.co.za

8. TUNISIA Professor Refaât CHAÂBOUNI
Secrétariat d'Etat à la Recherche
Scientifique et à la Technologie
18 Rue 8010, Cité Montplaisir
1082 Tunis
Tel.: (216-1) 795 414
Fax: (216-1) 796 165
E-mail: refaat.chaabouni@serst.rnrt.tn

ECA/FSSDD/S&T/AG/98/13

Annex III
Page 1

ECA SECRETARIAT

Ms Paulina Makinwa-Adebusoye
Chief, Food Security and Sustainable
Development Division (FSSDD)
UNECA
P. O. Box 3001
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel.: (251-1) 51 04 06
Fax: (251-1) 51 03 50
E-mail: Makinwa-Adebusoye@un.org

Professor Soodursun Jugessur
Northern Africa
Subregional Development Centre
P. O. Box 316
Tangier, Morocco
Tel.: (212-9) 32 23 45 - 47
Fax: (212-9) 34 03 57
E-mail: srdc@cybermania.net.ma

Mr K. Abassa
Economic Affairs Officer
FSSDD/UNECA
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel.: (251-1) 51 57 56
E-mail: KAbassa@hotmail.com

Mr J. L. Hamel
Scientific Affairs Officer
FSSDD/UNECA
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel.: (251-1) 51 01 77
Fax: (251-1) 51 44 16
E-mail: hamelj@un.org

Mr F. Byiringiro
Associate Economic Affairs Officer
FSSDD/UNECA
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
E-mail: byiringiro@un.org

Mr Ita I. Ekanem
Senior Economic Affairs Officer
FSSDD/UNECA
P. O. Box 3001
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel.: (251-1) 51 62 30
Fax: (251-1) 51 44 16
E-mail: Ita Ekanem@un.org

Mr George I. Abalu
Principal Regional Adviser
FSSDD/UNECA
P. O. Box 3001
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel.: (251-1) 51 63 36
Fax: (251-1) 51 03 50
E-mail: Abalu@un.org

Mr Y. Tekolla
Economic Affairs Officer
FSSDD/UNECA
P. O. Box 3001
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Top