Amid multiple global and regional crises, progress in Africa’s social and economic development, including advancement toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has slowed significantly. A major constraint facing African countries is the limited access to sufficient financing needed to realign with the SDG targets by 2030. Expanding the fiscal space for sustainable development and accelerating SDG implementation will require concerted efforts to address both domestic and international barriers to effective resource mobilization. This includes tackling revenue leakages stemming from illicit financial flows (IFFs), unproductive tax incentives, and profit shifting by multinational enterprises (MNEs.