ARIA

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is a major milestone in Africa’s regional integration journey towards establishing the African Economic Community. It embodies the collective vision of African countries to unite the continent’s 1.4 billion population and combined gross domestic product (GDP) of approximately $3 trillion in a single continental market.

Signed by 52 African countries, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is, by the number of participating countries, the largest trade agreement since the formation of the WTO. By 1 April 2019, only one year and ten days after the signature, the threshold of ratification by 22 countries required for the agreement’s entry into force had been reached. The speed of this ratification is unprecedented in African Union history.

The establishment of the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) is a major milestone in the long march of African integration. As foreseen in the Treaty Establishing the African Economic Community (commonly known as the Abuja Treaty), which entered into force in 1994, the integration process is to culminate in the African Economic Community. A review of the current status of Africa’s economic integration is the subject of Chapter 2.